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Compare French Guiana (2003) - Indian Ocean (2002)

Compare French Guiana (2003) z Indian Ocean (2002)

 French Guiana (2003)Indian Ocean (2002)
 French GuianaIndian Ocean
Administrative divisions none (overseas department of France) -
Age structure 0-14 years: 29.9% (male 28,565; female 27,280)


15-64 years: 64.4% (male 64,836; female 55,498)


65 years and over: 5.7% (male 5,455; female 5,283) (2003 est.)
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Agriculture - products corn, rice, manioc (tapioca), sugar, cocoa, vegetables, bananas; cattle, pigs, poultry -
Airports 11 (2002) -
Airports - with paved runways total: 4


over 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 2


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
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Airports - with unpaved runways total: 7


914 to 1,523 m: 2


under 914 m: 5 (2002)
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Area total: 91,000 sq km


land: 89,150 sq km


water: 1,850 sq km
total: 68.556 million sq km


note: includes Andaman Sea, Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Great Australian Bight, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, Mozambique Channel, Persian Gulf, Red Sea, Strait of Malacca, and other tributary water bodies
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Indiana about 5.5 times the size of the US
Background First settled by the French in 1604, French Guiana was the site of notorious penal settlements until 1951. The European Space Agency launches its communication satellites from Kourou. The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean, but larger than the Southern Ocean and Arctic Ocean). Four critically important access waterways are the Suez Canal (Egypt), Bab el Mandeb (Djibouti-Yemen), Strait of Hormuz (Iran-Oman), and Strait of Malacca (Indonesia-Malaysia). The decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 to delimit a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, removed the portion of the Indian Ocean south of 60 degrees south.
Birth rate 21.33 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) -
Budget revenues: $225 million


expenditures: $390 million, including capital expenditures of $105 million (1996)
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Capital Cayenne -
Climate tropical; hot, humid; little seasonal temperature variation northeast monsoon (December to April), southwest monsoon (June to October); tropical cyclones occur during May/June and October/November in the northern Indian Ocean and January/February in the southern Indian Ocean
Coastline 378 km 66,526 km
Constitution 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) -
Country name conventional long form: Department of Guiana


conventional short form: French Guiana


local long form: none


local short form: Guyane
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Currency euro (EUR); French franc (FRF) -
Death rate 4.8 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) -
Debt - external $1.2 billion (1988) -
Dependency status overseas department of France -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas department of France) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas department of France) -
Disputes - international Suriname claims area between Riviere Litani and Riviere Marouini (both headwaters of the Lawa) some maritime disputes (see littoral states)
Economic aid - recipient $NA -
Economy - overview The economy is tied closely to the larger French economy through subsidies and imports. Besides the French space center at Kourou (which accounts for 25% of GDP), fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities. Forest and woodland cover 90% of the country. The large reserves of tropical hardwoods, not fully exploited, support an expanding sawmill industry that provides sawn logs for export. Cultivation of crops is limited to the coastal area, where the population is largely concentrated; rice and manioc are the major crops. French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy. Unemployment is a serious problem, particularly among younger workers. The Indian Ocean provides major sea routes connecting the Middle East, Africa, and East Asia with Europe and the Americas. It carries a particularly heavy traffic of petroleum and petroleum products from the oilfields of the Persian Gulf and Indonesia. Its fish are of great and growing importance to the bordering countries for domestic consumption and export. Fishing fleets from Russia, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan also exploit the Indian Ocean, mainly for shrimp and tuna. Large reserves of hydrocarbons are being tapped in the offshore areas of Saudi Arabia, Iran, India, and western Australia. An estimated 40% of the world's offshore oil production comes from the Indian Ocean. Beach sands rich in heavy minerals and offshore placer deposits are actively exploited by bordering countries, particularly India, South Africa, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Electricity - consumption 423.2 million kWh (2001) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) -
Electricity - production 455 million kWh (2001) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
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Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Bellevue de l'Inini 851 m
lowest point: Java Trench -7,258 m


highest point: sea level 0 m
Environment - current issues NA endangered marine species include the dugong, seals, turtles, and whales; oil pollution in the Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea
Ethnic groups black or mulatto 66%, white 12%, East Indian, Chinese, Amerindian 12%, other 10% -
Exchange rates Euros per US dollar - 1.06 (2002), 1.12 (2001), 1.09 (2000), 0.94 (1999) -
Executive branch chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Ange MANCINI (since 31 July 2002)


head of government: President of the General Council Joseph HO-TEN-YOU (since 26 March 2001); President of the Regional Council Antoine KARAM (since 22 March 1992)


cabinet: NA


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; presidents of the General and Regional Councils are appointed by the members of those councils
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Exports NA (2001) -
Exports - commodities shrimp, timber, gold, rum, rosewood essence, clothing -
Exports - partners France 62%, Switzerland 7%, US 2% (2001) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description the flag of France is used -
GDP purchasing power parity - $2.26 billion (2002 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
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GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $14,400 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate NA% -
Geographic coordinates 4 00 N, 53 00 W 20 00 S, 80 00 E
Geography - note mostly an unsettled wilderness; the only non-independent portion of the South American continent major chokepoints include Bab el Mandeb, Strait of Hormuz, Strait of Malacca, southern access to the Suez Canal, and the Lombok Strait
Highways total: 722 km


paved: NA km


unpaved: NA km (1996)
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Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
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Illicit drugs small amount of marijuana grown for local consumption; minor transshipment point to Europe -
Imports NA (2001) -
Imports - commodities food (grains, processed meat), machinery and transport equipment, fuels and chemicals -
Imports - partners France 63%, US, Trinidad and Tobago, Italy (2002) -
Independence none (overseas department of France) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries construction, shrimp processing, forestry products, rum, gold mining -
Infant mortality rate total: 12.84 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 13.68 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 11.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
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Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1.5% (2002 est.) -
International organization participation FZ, WCL, WFTU -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) -
Irrigated land 20 sq km (1998 est.) -
Judicial branch Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel (highest local court based in Martinique with jurisdiction over Martinique, Guadeloupe, and French Guiana) -
Labor force 58,800 (1997) -
Labor force - by occupation services, government, and commerce 60.6%, industry 21.2%, agriculture 18.2% (1980) -
Land boundaries total: 1,183 km


border countries: Brazil 673 km, Suriname 510 km
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Land use arable land: 0.11% NEGL


permanent crops: 0.03%


other: 99.86% (90% forest, 10% other) (1998 est.)
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Languages French -
Legal system French legal system -
Legislative branch unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council or Conseil Regional (31 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)


elections: General Council - last held NA March 2000 (next to be held NA 2006); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004)


election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PSG 5, various left-wing parties 5, independents 7, other 2; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - PS 28.28%, various left parties 22.56%, RPR 15.91%, independents 8.6%, Walwari Committee 6%; seats by party - PS 11, various left parties 9, RPR 6, independents 3, Walwari Committee 2


note: one seat was elected to the French Senate on 27 September 1998 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; 2 seats were elected to the French National Assembly on 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP/RPR 1, Walwari Committee 1
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Life expectancy at birth total population: 76.69 years


male: 73.36 years


female: 80.18 years (2003 est.)
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Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 83%


male: 84%


female: 82% (1982 est.)
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Location Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Brazil and Suriname body of water between Africa, the Southern Ocean, Asia, and Australia
Map references South America Political Map of the World
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
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Merchant marine none (2002 est.) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France -
Military branches no regular indigenous military forces; French Forces, Gendarmerie -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 51,444 (2003 est.) -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 33,345 (2003 est.) -
National holiday Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) -
Nationality noun: French Guianese (singular and plural)


adjective: French Guianese
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Natural hazards high frequency of heavy showers and severe thunderstorms; flooding occasional icebergs pose navigational hazard in southern reaches
Natural resources bauxite, timber, gold (widely scattered), cinnabar, kaolin, fish oil and gas fields, fish, shrimp, sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules
Net migration rate 7.49 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Guyanese Democratic Action or ADG [Andre LECANTE]; Guyanese Socialist Party or PSG [Marie-Claude VERDAN]; Guyana Democratic Forces or FDG [Georges OTHILY]; Popular National Guyanese Party or PNPG [Jose DORCY]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Roland HO-WEN-SZE]; Socialist Party or PS [Pierre RIBARDIERE]; Walwari Committee [Christine TAUBIRA-DELANON] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 186,917 (July 2003 est.) -
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 2.4% (2003 est.) -
Ports and harbors Cayenne, Degrad des Cannes, Saint-Laurent du Maroni Chennai (Madras; India), Colombo (Sri Lanka), Durban (South Africa), Jakarta (Indonesia), Kolkata (Calcutta; India) Melbourne (Australia), Mumbai (Bombay; India), Richards Bay (South Africa)
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 14 (including 6 repeaters), shortwave 6 (including 5 repeaters) (1998) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Roman Catholic -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.17 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.03 male(s)/female


total population: 1.12 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
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Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: fair open-wire and microwave radio relay system


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
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Telephones - main lines in use 47,000 (1997) -
Telephones - mobile cellular NA -
Television broadcast stations 3 (plus eight low-power repeaters) (1997) -
Terrain low-lying coastal plains rising to hills and small mountains surface dominated by counterclockwise gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the southern Indian Ocean; unique reversal of surface currents in the northern Indian Ocean; low atmospheric pressure over southwest Asia from hot, rising, summer air results in the southwest monsoon and southwest-to-northeast winds and currents, while high pressure over northern Asia from cold, falling, winter air results in the northeast monsoon and northeast-to-southwest winds and currents; ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge and subdivided by the Southeast Indian Ocean Ridge, Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge, and Ninetyeast Ridge
Total fertility rate 3.09 children born/woman (2003 est.) -
Unemployment rate 22% (2001) -
Waterways 3,300 km navigable by native craft


note: 460 km navigable by small oceangoing vessels and coastal and river steamers
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